Iron and steel although closely related are not the same things. Iron being as iron ore which is melted in a blast furance and blown through with air. Then it is manipulated so as to limit its content of carbon and other impurities. Steel is a particular kind of iron that has approximately one percent carbon with the carbon content spread throughout the metal evenly. Steels is harder than iron and does not trust easily. However steel was harder to make than iron.
Major factors for industrial location:
Raw material: Raw iron ore,coal and limestone.
The raw ore is removed from the earth and sized into pieces that range from 0.5 to 1.5 inches. There are four main types of iron ore deposits worked currently. These are magnetite goethite/limonite, hematite and siderite ironestone deposit. Currently magnetite iron ore is mained in Mesabi range Minnesota and Michigan in the U.S. Lorraine in France eastern Canada and in Brazil which exports significant quantities to Asia and there is a larger magnetite iron ore industry in Australia. Hematite is currently exploited on all continents except Antarctica with the largest intensity in south America Australia and Asia . A few iron ore deposits notably in Chile are formed from volcanic flows containing significant accumulation of magnetite. Chilean magnetite in iron ore deposit within the Atacama dessert have also formed alluvial accumulation of magnetite in streams leading from these volcanic formation. There are several granite associated deposit of this nature in Malaysia and Indonesia.
Coal and lime stone are two other important raw material for iron making.
Availability of water and large tracts of land:
Water is required for cooling and washing. Thus the nearness to a river lake or a coastal site is necessary for industry. Large tracts of level land are also necessary for the iron and steel works as the various operations connected with production of iron and steel cannot be carried on in a limited area. For example the steels mill of Karachi covers an area of 18,623 acres of land.
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